Looming over the winding valley of the Berounka, the romantic outline of the towers and crenellated ramparts of the castle of Karlštejn is one of the high spots of any tour of Bohemia. Founded in 1348 by Charles IV, the castle was a sort of holy stronghold and repository of the crown jewels and countless other holy relics. Modified in the late 19C by the great architect-restorer Josef Mocker, it is now home to major works of art, including some superb Gothic murals.