Piazza San Carlo is a vast, elegant and harmonious square designed by Carlo di Castellamonte. The churches, San Carlo Borromeo (19C) and Santa Cristina (18C) stand at the south end. In the centre is the famous Caval d'Brons, an equestrian monument by Marocchetti (1838) in honour of Emmanuel Philibert of Savoy. Beneath the arcades, two historical cafés (the San Carlo and Caffè Torino) outdo each other in elegance.