This was the slaves' church, which they built themselves, as they were banned from entering the others. They had little to work with, so it took nearly the whole of the 18C to complete. Nowadays, the blue façade of Igreja N. S. do Rosário brightens up the Largo do Pelourinho. The paintings that embellish the nave are by José Joaquim da Rocha, who founded the Bahian school of painting.